From the semantic point of view, the preposition is characterized by an insufficient lexical content and in the case of inherited prepositions extremely abstract (for some specialists inexistent); the content is expressed through various significances, determined by their occurrence in different contexts, mainly by the terms of the syntagm to which they belong. It does not have semantical autonomy, that is why it cannot have syntctical functions. Prepositions are dependent on or in a relation of semantic continuity (sometimes just compatibility) with the lexical content of the term they accompany on the one hand, and on the other hand with the syntactical function they have. Some of the simplest, most abstract prepositions such as de, in, la are not influenced by the semantic level of the subordinate term.
As far as the semantic characteristics of the prepositions are concerned, there have been different and various opinions expressed by specialists over the time. Although some researchers have argued that the preposition is not even a part of speech, but a grammatical sign, recent studies have shown that prepositions are units of meaning (a fundamental or clear meaning and a few secondary or not clear meanings were distinguished) and more, that according to the principles of logic, its clear meaning expresses a notion. Important contributions have been brought by cognitive linguistics whose methods and results can be applied to Romanian as well.
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