This paper deals with the category of country-names and some of its structural and functional characteristics in English, French, Romanian and Russian. At the structural level we notice that the full-forms of country-names contain descriptive elements that evoke two different ontological categories: island, republic, kingdom, etc. The same goes for the discourse use: country-names actualize geographical and institutional domains conjointly or alternatively. These data point out the internal complexity of country-names and suggest they belong to a mixed referential category.
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