The paper proposes a semantic and pragmatic view of fictionality, starting from the prototypical case of narrative fiction. As a start, two major conceptualizations are described – a referential one and a pragmatic one –, and then the role of both pragmatic and referential factors in determining the nature of this category is addressed. Within this framework, the sacred texts are also briefly discussed. The paper concludes that the latter are in principle nonfictional, given the absence of fictional intentions on the part of their authors. However, suct texts allow a nonreferential treatment; this does not entail a typological change, but merely reflects an attitude of the readers.
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