In the present study, we define the two linguistic areas: semantics and lexicology, clarifying a set of principles they work by and taking into account both synchronic and diachronic information. We first encounter methods of word-formation, types of dictionaries and their principles of construction; then, we show the historical evolution of language study, from ancient India and ancient China up to contemporary cognitive theories. This comprehensive view describes the way lexical sciences appear, the methods they appeal to, the evolution in time and representative applications for each linguistic trend.
Key words:
lexicology, lexicography, semantics, linguistic trends
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