După un scurt istoric al teoriilor legate de exitenţa formei interne a cuvintelor, dar şi a expresiilor frazeologice, articolul porneşte de la teoriile lui Wilhelm von Humboldt şi Jacob Grimm, potrivit cărora structura interna a limbii există, ȋntradevar, şi ea reflectă specificul unei comunităţi lingvistice, precum şi istoria, tradiţiile şi mentalităţile ei. Pentru a demonstra veridicitatea şi actualitatea acestor teorii, articolul analizează structurile interne ale unor expresii frazeologice ȋn limbile albaneză, română, franceză, italiană şi engleză, scoţând ȋn evidenţă ȋn primul rând deosebirile, dar şi asemănările dintre ele. Deosebirile sunt puse pe seama diferenţelor de care dau dovadă vorbitorii acestor limbi ȋn modul de a vedea anumite lucruri, situaţii sau ȋn a da sau nu importanţă anumitor detalii. Asemănările sunt explicate mai ales prin ȋmprumuturile lingvistice realizate dea lungul timpului, dar şi prin contactele lingvistice şi culturale strânse dintre vorbitorii acestor limbi.
After briefly reviewing the theories related to the internal form of the words, but of phraseological expressions as well, the article starts from Wilhelm von Humboldt’s and Jacob Grimm’s theories, according to which the internal structure of the language really exists and it reflects both the specificity of a linguistic community, and its history, traditions and mentalities. In order to prove the credibility and the actuality of these theories, the article analyses the internal structures of some phraseological expressions in Albanian, Romanian, French, Italian and English, by emphasizing mainly the contrasts but also the resemblances between them. The contrasts are attributed to the differences that the speakers of these languages show in the way of looking at certain things, at certain situations, or by paying attention or not to certain details. The resemblances are accounted for especially through the linguistic borrowings resulted over time, but also through the linguistic and cultural contacts accumulated by the speakers of these languages.
Key words:
Expresie frazeologică, forma internă, diversitate, cultură, mentalitate
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