| Rezumat: | - Many substratum words are rarely used in the everyday vocabulary of contemporary Romanian. Such examples are: argea, baci, bâlc, bârâ, bucur, bulz, bung, cătun, ciută (şută), curpen, daş, ghionoaie, ghiuj, leurdă, muşat, noi(u), şiră, tâmpă. Nevertheless, they are well-preserved at the level of toponyms. The archaic language spoken in Oltenia, an intensely Romanized province, contains a rich fund of toponyms representing substratum words, much better preserved than in other regions. We refer to three counties in the northern part of the region (Vâlcea, Gorj, Mehedinți), whose center is the Gorj County.
Based mainly on the material found in the seven volumes of Dicționarul toponimic al României. Oltenia (The Toponymic Dictionary of Romania. Oltenia), the study makes a complete inventory of the substratum words preserved in toponyms and clarifies some aspects regarding the co-existence of both substratum words and words inherited from Latin as toponyms. The studied toponyms make up rich lexical families and syntagms which preserve archaic grammatical structures. The analysis of the words under discussion can provide many conclusions on social history. - Plusieurs mots autochtones sont rarement utiliés dans le lexique commun de la langue actuelle, par exemple: argea, baci, bâlc, bâră, bucur, bulz, bung, cătun, ciută (şută), curpen, daş, ghionoaie, ghiuj, leurdă, muşat, noi(u), şiră, tâmpă. Ils sont mieux gardés, pourtant, dans la toponymie. Le parler archaïque de l’Olténie – ancienne province intensément romanisée – se caractérise par un riche fonds toponymique constitué des mots communs transmis du substrat, fonds toponymique plus fidèlement conservé que dans d’autres régions roumaines. Il s’agit surtout des trois districts au nord de la région, Vâlcea, Gorj, Mehedinți, zone ayant comme centre le district de Gorj.
Fondée principalement sur le matériel compris dans le sept volumes de Dicționarul toponimic al României. Oltenia, l’étude réalise l’inventaire complète des mots autochtones entrés dans la toponymie surtout mineure et éclaircit une série d’aspects concernant la coexistence, dans le fonds toponymique, des mots du substrat et des termes hérités du latin. Les toponymes étudiés forment des riches familles lexicales et des syntagmes et conservent des constructions grammaticales archaïques.
L’examen de la toponymie en question peut offrir de nombreuses conclusions d’histoire sociale.
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